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Subject Area

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy

Abstract

Background

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease where the body attacks healthy cells primarily in the hands, knees, and wrist joints, causing chronic inflammation and pain. This process damages joint tissues, leading to deformation and imbalance.

Materials and Methods

The cost of different drugs used according to the latest Egyptian guidelines for the treatment of RA — 2022 update were gathered from the Egyptian Drug Authority and Drug Eye. The prices of branded drugs and generic equivalents were compared . The differences between the maximum and minimum cost of various brands of the same drug were analyzed, cost variation percentages and cost ratio were calculated Statistical analysis was made using Microsoft Excel.

Results

All drugs used in the treatment of RA are available in tablet and vial forms in which the highest cost variation between disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) was 166.7% for leflunomide 100mg. For biologicals, the highest cost variation was 1035.8% for baricitinib. There was minimal cost variation among corticosteroids except for prednisolone 5mg with cost variation 591.66%.

Conclusion

This study revealed significant cost disparities among diverse treatment modalities employed for the management of RA in Egypt. Thus, it is imperative for physicians to prioritize prescribing the most cost-effective alternatives. Additionally, governmental initiatives such as cost reduction measures or expanding coverage under governmental insurance schemes could alleviate the healthcare financial burden borne by patients.

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